政权综述 · 中文 / English 独立切换 中文 English
两晋综述(265—420,文字示意)
> 一文件一period_id约束下本文件 period_id 取 jin-western 为代表,正文分"西晋/东晋"两节;东晋内容另见 emperors.yaml 中 jin-eastern 条目。疆域只作文字示意。
西晋(265—316)
司马炎代魏(265)、灭吴(280)统一;太康之治后分封诸王,贾后乱政,八王之乱(291—306)耗竭国力;永嘉之乱(311)洛阳陷,316长安陷,西晋亡。
东晋(317—420)
司马睿317建业建制、318称帝,史称东晋;王导“王与马共天下”,门阀(王谢桓庾)与皇权共治;祖逖北伐、桓温北伐、淝水之战(383)前后守成;刘裕北伐后420代晋建宋。
Mermaid 示意
graph LR
Wei[曹魏] --> JinW[西晋 265-316: 武帝→惠帝→怀帝→愍帝]
JinW -- 八王之乱/永嘉之乱 --> JinE[东晋 317-420: 元帝→…→恭帝]
JinE -- 刘裕 420代晋 --> Song[刘宋]
地理文字示意(非精确)
西晋初:约复汉版图而州郡分封并立,都洛阳。
永嘉后:北方十六国混战,南方东晋约当长江以南,都建康(建业改名)。
南北分界流动,不绘精确线。
来源
房玄龄等《晋书》纪传;司马光《资治通鉴·晋纪》;刘义庆《世说新语》仅作风貌参考。传世本,具体版本待考,页码待核,未���联网核验。
Western and Eastern Jin Overview (265–420)
The Jin dynasty reunified China briefly before losing the north. Sima Yan 司马炎 founded Western Jin in 265 after replacing Wei, conquered Wu in 280, and presided over the Taikang 太康 peace. Large enfeoffments, Empress Jia's 贾后 interference, and the War of the Eight Princes 八王之乱 (291–306) exhausted the state; Luoyang fell in the Yongjia disaster 永嘉之乱 of 311 and Chang'an in 316, ending the Western Jin.
Sima Rui 司马睿 established a southern regime at Jianye in 317 and proclaimed himself emperor in 318, known as Eastern Jin. Guided by Wang Dao 王导 under the saying of joint rule by the Wang clan and the Sima house, great families such as the Wang, Xie, Huan, and Yu clans shared power with the throne. Northern expeditions by Zu Ti 祖逖 and Huan Wen 桓温 and the defense at the Battle of Fei River 淝水之战 (383) preserved the south until Liu Yu 刘裕 replaced Jin with Song in 420.
Territory is schematic only: the early Western Jin broadly inherited Han domains from Luoyang, while Eastern Jin held the south of the Yangtze from Jiankang, with a fluid north-south frontier.
Sources pending page verification, no internet verification.
皇帝传承思维导图 时间顺序：从左到右为即位先后，箭头即传承方向。
flowchart LR
E0["司马炎 世祖/武帝｜西晋 ’265-290’"]
E1["司马衷 无/惠帝｜西晋 ’290-307’"]
E0 --> E1
E2["司马炽 无/怀帝｜西晋 ’307-313’"]
E1 --> E2
E3["司马邺 无/愍帝｜西晋 ’313-316’"]
E2 --> E3
E4["司马睿 中宗/元帝｜东晋 ’317/318-32"]
E3 --> E4
E5["司马绍 肃祖/明帝｜东晋 ’323-325’"]
E4 --> E5
E6["司马衍 显宗/成帝｜东晋 ’325-342’"]
E5 --> E6
E7["司马岳 康帝｜东晋 ’342-344’"]
E6 --> E7
E8["司马聃 孝宗/穆帝｜东晋 ’344-361’"]
E7 --> E8
E9["司马丕 无/哀帝｜东晋 ’361-365’"]
E8 --> E9
E10["司马奕 无/废帝｜东晋 ’365-371’"]
E9 --> E10
E11["司马昱 太宗/简文帝｜东晋 ’371-372’"]
E10 --> E11
E12["司马曜 烈宗/孝武帝｜东晋 ’372-396’"]
E11 --> E12
E13["司马德宗 无/安帝｜东晋 ’396-419’"]
E12 --> E13
E14["司马德文 无/恭帝｜东晋 ’419-420’"]
E13 --> E14
帝系表明细(emperors.yaml) # 西晋4帝 + 东晋11帝(生卒存疑)
- {name: 司马炎, temple: 世祖/武帝, polity: 西晋, period_id: jin-western, reign: "265-290", birth_death: "约236—290,存疑", confidence: high}
- {name: 司马衷, temple: 无/惠帝, polity: 西晋, period_id: jin-western, reign: "290-307", birth_death: "约259—307,存疑", confidence: high}
- {name: 司马炽, temple: 无/怀帝, polity: 西晋, period_id: jin-western, reign: "307-313", birth_death: "约284—313,存疑", confidence: medium}
- {name: 司马邺, temple: 无/愍帝, polity: 西晋, period_id: jin-western, reign: "313-316", birth_death: "约300—318,存疑", confidence: medium}
- {name: 司马睿, temple: 中宗/元帝, polity: 东晋, period_id: jin-eastern, reign: "317/318-323", birth_death: "约276—323,存疑", confidence: high}
- {name: 司马绍, temple: 肃祖/明帝, polity: 东晋, period_id: jin-eastern, reign: "323-325", birth_death: "约299—325,存疑", confidence: high}
- {name: 司马衍, temple: 显宗/成帝, polity: 东晋, period_id: jin-eastern, reign: "325-342", birth_death: "约321—342,存疑", confidence: medium}
- {name: 司马岳, temple: 康帝, polity: 东晋, period_id: jin-eastern, reign: "342-344", birth_death: "约322—344,存疑", confidence: medium}
- {name: 司马聃, temple: 孝宗/穆帝, polity: 东晋, period_id: jin-eastern, reign: "344-361", birth_death: "约343—361,存疑", confidence: medium}
- {name: 司马丕, temple: 无/哀帝, polity: 东晋, period_id: jin-eastern, reign: "361-365", birth_death: "约341—365,存疑", confidence: medium}
- {name: 司马奕, temple: 无/废帝, polity: 东晋, period_id: jin-eastern, reign: "365-371", birth_death: "约342—386,存疑", confidence: medium}
- {name: 司马昱, temple: 太宗/简文帝, polity: 东晋, period_id: jin-eastern, reign: "371-372", birth_death: "约320—372,存疑", confidence: medium}
- {name: 司马曜, temple: 烈宗/孝武帝, polity: 东晋, period_id: jin-eastern, reign: "372-396", birth_death: "约362—396,存疑", confidence: medium}
- {name: 司马德宗, temple: 无/安帝, polity: 东晋, period_id: jin-eastern, reign: "396-419", birth_death: "约382—419,存疑", confidence: medium}
- {name: 司马德文, temple: 无/恭帝, polity: 东晋, period_id: jin-eastern, reign: "419-420", birth_death: "约386—421,存疑", confidence: medium}
实际掌权人思维导图 mindmap
root((晋朝（西晋·东晋）·名义君主与实际掌权者))
权臣与实力人物（5人）
贾南风
皇后/乱政
八王（汝南王亮等八王统称）
宗王相残
王导
丞相/门阀领袖
桓温
权臣/北伐
谢安
宰辅/淝水
掌权表明细(power-holders.yaml) - {name: 贾南风, polity: 西晋, period_id: jin-western, role: 皇后/乱政, dates: "约257—300,存疑", confidence: high, source: "房玄龄等《晋书·后妃传》,传世本待考", note: 八王之乱导火}
- {name: 八王(汝南王亮等八王统称), polity: 西晋, period_id: jin-western, role: 宗王相残, dates: "291-306", confidence: medium, source: "房玄龄等《晋书·八王传》,传世本待考", note: 内耗致永嘉之乱}
- {name: 王导, polity: 东晋, period_id: jin-eastern, role: 丞相/门阀领袖, dates: "约276—339,存疑", confidence: high, source: "房玄龄等《晋书·王导传》,传世本待考", note: 王与马共天下}
- {name: 桓温, polity: 东晋, period_id: jin-eastern, role: 权臣/北伐, dates: "约312—373,存疑", confidence: high, source: "房玄龄等《晋书·桓温传》,传世本待考", note: 三次北伐,废立之权}
- {name: 谢安, polity: 东晋, period_id: jin-eastern, role: 宰辅/淝水, dates: "约320—385,存疑", confidence: high, source: "房玄龄等《晋书·谢安传》,传世本待考", note: 淝水之���前后}
独立时间线思维导图(本朝代隔离展示) 时间顺序：分期从上到下、期内从左到右为先后。
flowchart TD
subgraph P0["西晋"]
direction LR
P0N0["司马炎代魏建晋 265"]
P0N1["晋灭吴统一,太康之治始 280"]
P0N0 --> P0N1
P0N2["八王之乱起 291"]
P0N1 --> P0N2
P0N3["永嘉之乱/洛阳陷 311"]
P0N2 --> P0N3
P0N4["长安陷,西晋亡 316"]
P0N3 --> P0N4
end
subgraph P1["东晋"]
direction LR
P1N0["司马睿建业建制,东晋始 317"]
P1N1["淝水之战 383"]
P1N0 --> P1N1
P1N2["刘裕代晋建宋 420"]
P1N1 --> P1N2
end
P0N4 --> P1N0
时间线明细(timeline.yaml) - {date: 265, event: 司马炎代魏建晋, period_id: jin-western, confidence: high, source: "《晋书·武帝纪》"}
- {date: 280, event: 晋灭吴统一,太康之治始, period_id: jin-western, confidence: high, source: "《晋书·武帝纪》;太康之治为后世追称"}
- {date: 291, event: 八王之乱起, period_id: jin-western, confidence: high, source: "《晋书·八王传》《后妃传》"}
- {date: 311, event: 永嘉之乱/洛阳陷, period_id: jin-western, confidence: high, source: "《晋书·怀帝纪》;《资治通鉴·晋纪》"}
- {date: 316, event: 长安陷,西晋亡, period_id: jin-western, confidence: high, source: "《晋书·愍帝纪》"}
- {date: 317, event: 司马睿建业建制,东晋始, period_id: jin-eastern, confidence: high, source: "《晋书·元帝纪》"}
- {date: 383, event: 淝水之战, period_id: jin-eastern, confidence: high, source: "《晋书·谢安传》《苻坚载记》;《资治通鉴》"}
- {date: 420, event: 刘裕代晋建宋, period_id: jin-eastern, confidence: high, source: "《晋书·恭帝纪》;《宋书》"}
疆域图(真实地图图片) dongjin-shiliuguo-quantu.jpg xijin-quantu.jpg 地图图片来源：gitcode.com/open-source-toolkit/2fba6 （用户提供下载地址；原包未声明制图者/原书/许可，仅本地展示，勿再分发）
疆域图来源与许可(meta.yaml) period_id: jin
maps:
- {file: territory.svg, coverage: 西晋统一及永嘉南渡后南北分治, claim: 自绘多边形示意,非精确疆界,不作比例与海岸线依据, drawn: 自绘示意, license: CC0, dispute: 永嘉后北方政权林立,此图不裁决具体归属争议, modern_boundary: 禁套现代国界省界}
- {file: jin-sketch.svg, coverage: 旧版方位示意, claim: 旧版兼容保留, drawn: 文字示意, license: CC0, dispute: 不作精确声称, modern_boundary: 禁套现代国界省界}
method: 自绘示意多边形图,黄河长江走向示意,不作精确测绘
license: CC0
dispute: 边界数字史料不一,不作精确声称;不套用现代行政边界
note: 需与dynasty.md疆域文字描述配合使用
real_maps:
- file: maps/dongjin-shiliuguo-quantu.jpg
origin: https://gitcode.com/open-source-toolkit/2fba6（用户提供下载地址，包内为zip全图/分省图扫描页）
license: 原包未声明（制图者/原书/许可待考；仅本地展示，勿再分发）
- file: maps/xijin-quantu.jpg
origin: https://gitcode.com/open-source-toolkit/2fba6（用户提供下载地址，包内为zip全图/分省图扫描页）
license: 原包未声明（制图者/原书/许可待考；仅本地展示，勿再分发）
note_real: 本组疆域图已替换为真实地图图片（jpg），页面优先展示real_maps；territory.svg仅保留兼容/五代等缺包组使用
map_source_url: https://gitcode.com/open-source-toolkit/2fba6（用户提供下载地址；原包未声明制图者/原书/许可，仅本地展示勿再分发）
史料条目(官 5 / 民 1) 全局时间线(分组聚合) · 首页 · 搜索
历史全集静态站 · 零依赖构建 · 史料均注来源版本定位，未核验处标“页码待核/未能联网核验”；演绎与史料严格区分；疆域图为自绘示意非精确测绘，禁套现代边界；官方图待用户提供后替换。 
