政权综述 · 中文 / English 独立切换

隋朝综述(581-618)

摘要

隋代周建国,灭陈统一,行开皇制度,营洛阳开运河,三征辽东致乱,江都之变而亡,凡三十八年.传承为隋文帝杨坚至炀帝杨广至恭帝杨侑.

原文摘录

原文略,见来源定位.不伪造长段古文.

白话解释

以下为现代转述,非原文:杨坚代北周称帝,589年灭陈统一南北;文帝轻徭薄赋称开皇之治;炀帝开运河通南北,三征高句丽耗尽国力,群雄并起,炀帝在江都被杀,李渊立恭帝旋受禅建唐.

关键人物

杨坚(约541-604,生年存疑):隋文帝,建隋统一.杨广(约569-618,生年存疑):炀帝,营洛阳开运河,三征辽东.杨侑(约605-619,薨年存疑):恭帝,傀儡,禅唐.

关键事件

581建隋,589灭陈统一,开皇制度推行,605营洛阳开通济渠,612-614三征辽东,613杨玄感起兵,615雁门之围,617李渊起兵,618江都之变隋亡.

制度与地理

均田租庸调府兵开皇律三省六部雏形,详见官方条目.疆域仅文字示意描述,不声称精确:东至辽东存争议,西至敦煌张掖待考,南至交趾,北至雁门一线.

争议与不同记载

进士科设年有开皇大业之争,标争议;炀帝评价唐初史臣有贬抑之嫌,标争议;伐陈主谋诸说并存,标存疑.

来源与版本

隋书,魏徵等奉敕撰,传世本,具体版本待考,卷一卷二等,页码待核,未能联网核验.参资治通鉴隋纪,司马光,北宋,传世本,具体版本待考.

关联条目

official/sui-official-tongyi-001.md
official/sui-official-kaihuang-002.md
folk/sui-folk-yangdi-001.md

Sui Dynasty Overview (581–618)

The Sui dynasty (581–618) reunified north and south after centuries of division. Yang Jian 杨坚 (circa 541–604, disputed), Emperor Wen, replaced Northern Zhou in 581 and destroyed Chen in 589, completing reunification. His Kaihuang 开皇 administration lightened taxes, maintained the equal-field and militia systems, compiled the Kaihuang Code, and developed the Three Departments and Six Ministries in embryo.

Emperor Yang 杨广 (circa 569–618, disputed) moved to Luoyang, opened the Grand Canal by linking channels including the Tongji Canal from 605, and projected power toward Liaodong. Three campaigns against Goguryeo in 612–614 exhausted the state; the Yang Xuangan 杨玄感 revolt of 613, the Yanmen encirclement of 615, and the Li Yuan 李渊 rising of 617 followed. Yang Guang was killed at Jiangdu in 618, and the puppet child emperor Yang You 杨侑 (circa 605–619, disputed) yielded to the Tang.

The founding year of the presented-scholar examination, judgments on Emperor Yang shaped by early Tang historians, and responsibility for the Chen campaign remain disputed. Territorial extent is schematic and the Liaodong and Hexi limits are uncertain.

The equal-field, rented-labor modulation, fubing militia, Kaihuang legal code, and courier relay network are treated in the official entries, and the Sui–Tang transition is cross-referenced under Tang. Sources pending page verification, no internet verification.

皇帝传承思维导图

flowchart LR E0["杨忠未即位,文帝追尊"] E1["杨坚高祖文皇帝"] E0 --> E1 E2["杨广炀皇帝"] E1 --> E2 E3["杨侑恭皇帝"] E2 --> E3 E4["杨浩未命名"] E3 --> E4

# 隋朝皇帝(3帝加追尊).生卒不确定者标约或存疑. period_id: sui emperors: - name: 杨忠 title: 追尊隋太祖武元皇帝 birth_death: 约507-568,存疑 reign: 未即位,文帝追尊 note: 北周大司空,杨坚之父,死后追尊. - name: 杨坚 temple: 高祖文皇帝 birth_death: 约541-604,生年存疑 reign_start: 581 reign_end: 604 era: 开皇、仁寿 note: 代周建隋,灭陈统一,开创开皇之治. - name: 杨广 temple: 炀皇帝 birth_death: 约569-618,生年存疑 reign_start: 604 reign_end: 618 era: 大业 note: 营洛阳开运河,三征辽东,江都之变被弑. - name: 杨侑 temple: 恭皇帝 birth_death: 约605-619,薨年存疑 reign_start: 617 reign_end: 618 era: 义宁 note: 代王,李渊所立,禅位于唐,隋亡. - name: 杨浩 title: 秦王傀儡,是否计入帝系存争议 birth_death: 生卒年待考至618 reign_start: 618 reign_end: 618 note: 宇文化及所立傀儡,旋被杀,不计正统,附列存考.

实际掌权人思维导图

mindmap root((隋朝·名义君主与实际掌权者)) 权臣与实力人物（8人）高熲开皇宰相杨素宰相行军元帅苏威宰相参定章程宇文述重臣将领宇文化及骁果军将领来护儿水军将领杨玄感反隋首领李渊唐国公太原留守

# 隋朝权臣与实力人物. period_id: sui power_holders: - name: 高熲 birth_death: 生年待考至607 role: 开皇宰相 note: 佐文帝统一与定律令,后被炀帝杀,细节存疑. - name: 杨素 birth_death: 生年待考至606 role: 宰相行军元帅 note: 灭陈统军之一,营仁寿宫,炀帝朝病卒. - name: 苏威 birth_death: 约541至623,生年存疑 role: 宰相参定章程 note: 开皇制度参与者,后仕唐. - name: 宇文述 birth_death: 生年待考至616 role: 重臣将领 note: 从征辽东,炀帝亲信,病卒途中. - name: 宇文化及 birth_death: 生年待考至619 role: 骁果军将领 note: 江都之变弑炀帝,立秦王浩,旋败死. - name: 来护儿 birth_death: 生年待考至618 role: 水军将领 note: 征辽东平杨玄感,江都随炀帝遇难. - name: 杨玄感 birth_death: 生年待考至613 role: 反隋首领 note: 612年趁征辽起兵黎阳,败死,隋末先声. - name: 李渊 birth_death: 约566-635,生年存疑 role: 唐国公太原留守 note: 617年太原起兵,入长安立恭帝,次年建唐.

独立时间线思维导图(本朝代隔离展示)

flowchart TD subgraph P0["前期"] direction LR P0N0["杨坚代周建隋,改元开皇 581"] P0N1["隋灭陈南北统一 589"] P0N0 --> P0N1 P0N2["开皇之治与制度推行开皇之 590"] P0N1 --> P0N2 P0N3["营东都洛阳开凿通济渠 605"] P0N2 --> P0N3 end subgraph P1["中期"] direction LR P1N0["筑长城通西域张掖置郡存疑 607"] P1N1["一征辽东无功 612"] P1N0 --> P1N1 P1N2["杨玄感黎阳起兵 613"] P1N1 --> P1N2 end P0N3 --> P1N0 subgraph P2["后期"] direction LR P2N0["雁门之围 615"] P2N1["李渊太原起兵入长安立代王 617"] P2N0 --> P2N1 P2N2["江都之变炀帝被弑,恭帝禅 618"] P2N1 --> P2N2 end P1N2 --> P2N0

# 隋朝大事年表. period_id: sui timeline: - year: 581 event: 杨坚代周建隋,改元开皇 note: 北周静帝禅位,隋立. - year: 589 event: 隋灭陈南北统一 note: 杨广统军平陈,结束长期分裂. - year: 590 event: 开皇之治与制度推行(开皇之治) end_year: 604 note: 均田租庸调府兵科举雏形,详见官方条目. - year: 605 event: 营东都洛阳开凿通济渠 note: 大运河工程启动,役重民困. - year: 607 event: 筑长城通西域张掖置郡存疑待考 note: 对突厥吐谷浑用兵,方位示意非精确. - year: 612 event: 一征辽东无功 end_year: 614 note: 三征高句丽均无功,耗尽国力. - year: 613 event: 杨玄感黎阳起兵 note: 隋末大起义先声. - year: 615 event: 雁门之围 note: 突厥围炀帝于雁门,细节存疑. - year: 617 event: 李渊太原起兵入长安立代王侑 note: 改元义宁,隋名存实亡. - year: 618 event: 江都之变炀帝被弑,恭帝禅唐隋亡 note: 宇文化及弑帝,李渊受禅建唐.

疆域图(真实地图图片)

地图图片来源：gitcode.com/open-source-toolkit/2fba6（用户提供下载地址；原包未声明制图者/原书/许可，仅本地展示，勿再分发）

# Sui示意地图元数据 period_id: sui map_file: maps/map.svg territory_file: maps/territory.svg license: CC0自绘示意 precision: 640x460示意多边形不声称精确疆界河流海岸线省略 source: 基于隋书地理志文字描述绘制示意,传世本,具体版本待考,页码待核,未能联网核验. disclaimer: 仅示意不声称精确疆界,辽东西域交趾方位均为示意虚线争议区禁套用,存疑待考. note: 旧maps/map.svg保留兼容,新maps/territory.svg为CC0疆域示意,争议禁套. real_maps: - file: maps/sui-quantu.jpg origin: https://gitcode.com/open-source-toolkit/2fba6（用户提供下载地址，包内为zip全图/分省图扫描页） license: 原包未声明（制图者/原书/许可待考；仅本地展示，勿再分发） note_real: 本组疆域图已替换为真实地图图片（jpg），页面优先展示real_maps；territory.svg仅保留兼容/五代等缺包组使用 map_source_url: https://gitcode.com/open-source-toolkit/2fba6（用户提供下载地址；原包未声明制图者/原书/许可，仅本地展示勿再分发）

隋 · 581~618